Hypothesis: racism is a risk factor for cerebrovascular diseases

Hypothesis: social defeat is a risk factor for schizophrenia?

The increased schizophrenia risks for residents of cities with high levels of competition and for members of disadvantaged groups (for example migrants from low- and middle-income countries, people with low IQ, hearing impairments or a history of abuse) suggest that social factors are important for aetiology. Dopaminergic dysfunctioning is a key mechanism in pathogenesis. This editorial is a se...

Is Cholesteatoma a Risk Factor for Graft Success Rate in Chronic Otitis Media Surgery?

Introduction: In developing countries, chronic otitis media (COM) and cholesteatoma are relatively prevalent.  Within the field of otology, COM surgery remains one of the most common surgical treatments. Most recent studies evaluating the potential prognostic factors in COM surgery have addressed graft success rate and types of middle ear and mastoid pathology. There has been much controversy a...

Human T Lymphotropic Virus Type I (HTLV-I) is a Risk Factor for Coronary Artery Disease

Inm-2: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome is a Potent Risk Factor for GDM in Infertile Patient

Objective: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), a common medical complication of pregnancy, is defined as “any degree of glucose intolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy.Risk factors for GDM: a previous GDM or Pre diabetes , a family history revealing a first degree relative with type 2 diabetes , maternal age (>35yr), ethnic background , being overweight , a previous pregna...

Smoking: Is it a risk factor for pulmonary vascular diseases?

Editorial Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) summarizes chronic bronchitis and lung emphysema. A major trigger for this disease is cigarette smoking. However, the occurrence and role of pulmonary vascular remodeling and pulmonary hypertension (PH) in COPD is not clarified yet. Although PH and lung vascular remodeling were thought to be infrequent events in COPD, recent clinical data e...